Fig. 4

The effects of L-165,041 and exendin treatment on the NAPDH oxidase, PKA and HO-1 expressions. a AGE significantly increased the Nox4 expressions. Both L-165,041 and exendin significantly decreased AGE-induced Nox4. b After L-165,041 and exendin treatment, the levels of AGE-inhibited PKA and HO-1 expression significantly increased in mesangial cells. (N = 6) *P < 0.05 when compared to control. +P < 0.05 when compared to AGE group