Haemorrhage-related adverse events profles of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab alone or in combination: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on FAERS database

Table 5 Signal detection results for both the additive and multiplicative models

ADE	Additive model (α = 0.05)					Multiplicative model (α = 0.05)
ADE	RD_AB	RD_A+RD_B	Difference	δ	P value	RR_AB	RR_A+RR_B	Ratio	exp(δ)	P value
All haemorrhage ADE	0.01112	0.01453	-0.00341	0.0111	< 0.001	2.10977	1.99039	1.05998	2.1098	< 0.001
Tumour haemorrhage	0.00152	0.00308	-0.00156	0.0015	< 0.0001	34.28050	652.96169	0.05250	34.2813	< 0.0001
Small intestinal haemorrhage	0.00022	0.00019	2.9878E-05	0.0002	0.0505	7.97072	15.95189	0.49967	7.9709	< 0.0001
Tracheal haemorrhage	0.00015	0.00047	-0.00033	0.0001	0.0939	30.38102	429.16898	0.07079	30.3805	< 0.0001

Notes Difference = RD_AB - (RD_A + RD_B) > 0 (additive model) or Ratio = RR_AB / (RR_A × RR_B) > 1 (multiplicative model) suggests potential drug interaction signals. P-values assess statistical significance (α = 0.05)

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