Fig. 1

SSD promotes bacterial clearance in SOM. (A) The molecular formula of SSD is C42H68O13 and molecular weight is 780.99. (B) CFUs per milliliter in the MELF collected from rats in control, SOM model, and three SSD treated groups. (C) Flow cytometry analysis was performed to identify and count neutrophils in MELF collected from rats in control, SOM model, and three SSD treated groups. (D) HE staining images of middle ears collected from rats in control, SOM model, and three SSD treated groups, scalr bars: 200 μm. (E) ELISA was performed to evaluate TNF-α, IL-6 and INF-γ levels in MELF collected from rats in control, SOM model, and three SSD treated groups. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001