Fig. 3

Identification and analysis of common targets between IA and nicotine-related targets. (A) Venn diagram showing the overlap between DEGs in the Grey module and nicotine-related targets. (B) Heatmap analysis of the 37 common toxic targets, illustrating the differential expression profiles between normal and IA groups. The color gradient represents the relative expression levels, with red indicating upregulation and blue indicating downregulation. (C) PPI network of the 37 common toxic targets. The nodes represent proteins, while the edges represent interactions between them