Fig. 5

Identification of key toxicity targets related to nicotine exposure in IA. (A) Identification of 8 key toxicity targets using the RF algorithm, ranked by mean decrease in Gini index. (B) SVM algorithm performance in terms of cross-validation error across varying numbers of features. (C) SVM algorithm performance shows cross-validation accuracy. (D) PPI network analysis, identifying the top 10 key nodes based on their degree of connection. (E) Venn diagram integrating results from RF, SVM, and PPI analyses